FILE: <ch-36.htm> ` GENERAL INDEX [Navigate to MAIN MENU ]
CUBAN LAUREL THRIPS Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal --
Thysanoptera, Thripidae (Contacts) CLICK on Photo to enlarge & search for Subject Matter with Ctrl/F. GO TO ALL: Bio-Control Cases In Hawaii Cuban
laurel thrips attacks Ficus
retusa and Ficus benjamina, and their feeding
causes young terminal foliage to curl and drop. Rao et al. (1971) reported that swarming behavior of the thrips has caused a
public nuisance. An anthocorid
predator, Montandoniola
moraguesi Puton, was
introduced from the Philippines in 1964, and became established on Oahu,
giving noticeable control of the thrips (Rao et al. 1971). In California Cuban
laurel thrips became a prominent pest during the 1960's, causing much the
same damage as it did in Hawaii. Dr.
C. A. Fleschner , <PHOTO>of the University
of California, Riverside found several species and strains of anthocorid
predators in southern Mexico, which were imported and released in
California. Establishment of some
predators in California resulted in a marked decrease of the infestation (E.
F. Legner, unpub. data). Biological control searches and
control efforts in Egypt, Israel, South America and other areas may be found
in the following references (Rivnay 1947, 1968; Bennett 1965, Davis &
Krauss 1965, Tawfik & Nagul 1965, Funasaki 1966Clausen 1978, Dahlsten
& Hall 1999). REFERENCES: [Additional references may be found at: MELVYL
Library ] Bennett, F.
D. 1965. Observations on the
natural enemies of Gynaikothrips
ficorum Marchal in
Brazil. Commonwealth Inst. Biol.
Control Contrib., Tech. Bull. 5:
117-25. Clausen, C.
P. 1978. Thysanoptera,
Phalaeothripidae. In: C. P. Clausen (ed.), Introduced Parasites and Predators of
Arthropod Pests and Weeds. U. S.
Dept. Agric. Agric. Handbk. No. 480. 545 p. Dahlsten, D.
L. & R. W. Hall. 1999.
Biological control of insects in outdoor urban environments. In: Bellows, T. S. & T. W. Fisher (eds.), Handbook of Biological Control:
Principles and Applications.
Academic Press, San Diego, New York.
1046 p Davis, C. J.
& N. L. H. Krauss. 1965.
Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii--X. Hawaii. Ent. Soc. Proc. 18: 245-49. Funasaki,
G. Y. 1966. Studies on the life
cycle and propagation technique of Montandoniola
moraguesi (Puton)
(Heteroptera: Anthocoridae). Hawaii.
Ent. Soc. Proc. 19: 209-11. Rao, V. P., M. A. Ghani, T. Sankaran & K.
C. Mathur. 1971. A review of the biological control of insects
and other pests in the south-east Asia and the Pacific region. Commonwealth Inst. Biol. Contr. Tech.
Comm. No. 6: 149 p. Rivnay, E.
1947. Biology of Gynaikothrips ficorum Marsh in Palestine
(Thysanoptera). Bull. Soc. Fouad Ier
Ent. 31: 129-40. Rivnay, E.
1968. Biological control of
pests in Israel (a review 1905-1965).
Israel J. Ent. 3: 1-156. Tawfik, M. F. S. & A. Nagul. 1965.
The biology of Montandoniella
moraguesi Puton, a predator
of Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal, in Egypt
(Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Anthocoridae).
Ent. Soc. Egypte Bull. 49:
181-200. |